National Heroes' Day observed

Umunsi w'Intwari mu Rwanda: Kuzirikana Ubwitange n'Urukundo rw'Igihugu

Umunsi w'Intwari mu Rwanda ni umunsi ukomeye cyane mu mateka n’umuco by’igihugu cy’imisozi igihumbi. Ni igihe cyihariye cyo guhagarara tukibuka abagabo, abagore, n’urubyiruko berekanye ubutwari budasanzwe, bakitangira u Rwanda kugeza n’aho bamwe batanze ubuzima bwabo. Uyu munsi ntabwo ari ibirori bisanzwe by’ibyino n’indirimbo gusa, ahubwo ni umwanya w’isanamitima, wo gutekereza ku ndangagaciro zikwiye kuranga Umunyarwanda, no kwigira ku mateka kugira ngo ejo hazaza habe heza kurushaho. Ni umunsi wubakiye ku nkingi y’ubumuntu (Humanity) n’ubunyarwanda, aho abazirikanywa ari abo bose banze amacakubiri, bakarwanya akarengane, bakimakaza ubumwe n’ubwiyunge.

Iki kiruhuko gishimangira ko ubutwari atari ubw’abantu bafite imbaraga z’umurengera gusa, ahubwo ari ubw’abantu basanzwe bafashe imyanzuro ikomeye mu bihe bigoye. Mu Rwanda, uyu munsi ufatwa nko gusubiza amaso nyuma kugira ngo igihugu kirebe aho cyavuye n’aho kigana. Ni igihe cyo kwibutsa urubyiruko ko u Rwanda rufite ba nyirarwo, kandi ko ubutwari ari umurage ugomba guhoraho. Guhera mu nzego z’ibanze kugeza ku rwego rw’igihugu, ubutumwa buba ari bumwe: "Ubutwari mu Banyarwanda, Agaciro kacu." Binyuze mu biganiro, mu buhamya, no mu bikorwa byo gufashanya, uyu munsi uhuza abanyarwanda bose mu ntego imwe yo kubaka igihugu giteka imbere ubumuntu n’ubudaheranwa.

Umunsi w'Intwari ufite umwihariko kuko ugaruka ku mateka y’u Rwanda yabayemo ibihe by’umwijima, cyane cyane Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ariko ukanerekana urumuri rw’abantu banze kurebera ayo mahano. Wubaha abasirikare b’inkotanyi batanze ubuzima bwabo babohora igihugu, abanyeshuri b’i Nyange banze kwitandukanya, n’abandi bayobozi b’indashyikirwa berekanye ko u Rwanda ari rumwe. Ni umunsi ushushanya itandukaniro riri hagati y’ubugwari n’ubutwari, ukanashishikariza buri wese kuba intwari mu mirimo ye ya buri munsi, yaba uwo mu nzego z’umutekano, umuganga, umwarimu, cyangwa umuhinzi.

Igihe Umunsi w'Intwari uzabera muri 2026

Mu Rwanda, Umunsi w'Intwari ubusanzwe wizihizwa buri tariki ya 1 Gashyantare. Icyakora, bitewe n’uko kalendari igenda ihindagurika, hari igihe uyu munsi uhura n’impera z’icyumweru (weekend).

Muri uyu mwaka wa 2026, Umunsi w'Intwari uzizihizwa ku buryo bukurikira:

Umunsi nyirizina w'ibirori: February 2, 2026 Umunsi w'icyumweru: Monday Iminsi isigaye: Hasigaye iminsi 30 kugira ngo uyu munsi ube.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko tariki ya 1 Gashyantare 2026 izaba ari ku Cyumweru. Kubera iyo mpamvu, nk’uko amategeko agenga iminsi y’ikiruhuko mu Rwanda abiteganya, iyo umunsi w’ikiruhuko uhuriranye n’umunsi w’ikiruhuko cy’icyumweru (Icyumweru), umunsi ukurikira (ku wa Mbere) uba ari ikiruhuko. Ni muri urwo rwego, muri 2026, tariki ya 2 Gashyantare izaba ari umunsi w’ikiruhuko mu nzego za Leta n’iz’abikorera mu rwego rwo kwizihiza uyu munsi. Icyakora, imihango nyirizina yo gushyira indabo ku mva z’intwari n’ibindi birori by’ubuyobozi bukuru bw’igihugu bikunze kuba ku itariki ya 1 nyirizina.

Amateka n'Inkomoko y'Umunsi w'Intwari

Amateka y'Umunsi w'Intwari mu Rwanda afitanye isano ya hafi n'urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu no guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Nyuma y'uko u Rwanda rwinjiye mu bihe bishya by'ubumwe n'ubwiyunge, byabonetse ko ari ngombwa kugaragaza no guha icyubahiro abantu bakoze ibikorwa by'indashyikirwa byatumye igihugu kidashiraho.

Inkomoko y’uyu munsi ishingiye ku nkingi eshatu z’intwari zashyizweho n’Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Imidari n’Impeta by’Icyubahiro (CHENO). Intwari z’u Rwanda zigabanyijemo ibyiciro bitatu bishingiye ku nshingano n’uburyo ubutwari bwazo bwagaragayemo:

1. Icyiciro cy'Imanzi

Iki ni icyiciro cy’ikirenga cy’intwari z’igihugu. Icyiciro cy’Imanzi kirimo intwari zatanze ubuzima bwazo ku buryo budasubirwaho kandi zikaba zitakiriho. Kugeza ubu, iki cyiciro kirimo: Umusingi w'Intwari (Unknown Soldier): Uyu ahagarariye abasirikare bose batanze ubuzima bwabo mu rugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda no guhagarika Jenoside, ariko amazina yabo akaba atazwi cyangwa imva zabo zikaba zitazwi. Ni ikimenyetso cy’ubwitange bw’ingabo z’u Rwanda (RPA/RDF). Gen. Maj. Fred Gisa Rwigyema: Uwayoboye urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda mu 1990. Azwiho kuba yari umuyobozi w’indashyikirwa, wari ufite intego yo kugarura ubumwe mu Banyarwanda no guca ubuhunzi. Yaguye ku rugamba ku munsi wa kabiri w’intambara (tariki 2 Ukwakira 1990), ariko umurage we wo gukunda igihugu wasize umusingi ukomeye ku ntsinzi yakurikiyeho.

2. Icyiciro cy'Imena

Iki cyiciro kirimo intwari zagaragaje ubutwari budasanzwe, zaba zikiriho cyangwa zaritabye Imana. Muri iki cyiciro harimo: Agathe Uwilingiyimana: Wari Minisitiri w’Intebe w’u Rwanda. Yishwe mu masaha ya mbere ya Jenoside mu 1994 kubera ko yarwanyije umugambi w’ubwicanyi kandi akanga ko u Rwanda rucikamo ibice. Ni ikimenyetso cy’ubushizi bw’amoba bwa kigore n’ubuyobozi buharanira amahoro. Abanyeshuri b’i Nyange: Aba ni urubyiruko rwo mu kigo cy’ishuri ry’i Nyange (mu Karere ka Ngororero) rwanze kwitandukanya ubwo baterwaga n’abacengezi (Abacengezi) mu ijoro ryo ku wa 18 Werurwe 1997. Ubwo babwirwaga kwitandukanya, Abatutsi ukwabo n’Abahutu ukwabo, baranze bati: "Twese tury’Abanyarwanda." Bamwe muri bo barishwe, abandi barakomereka, ariko ubutwari bwabo bwabaye ikimenyetso gikomeye cy’ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda nyuma ya Jenoside. King Mutara III Rudahigwa: Umwami w’u Rwanda wazahuye umuco n’ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda, akaba yararwanyije ubukoloni kandi agashyira imbere imibereho myiza y’abaturage be.

3. Icyiciro cy'Ingenzi

Iki cyiciro kirimo abantu bakoze ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa mu nzego zitandukanye z’ubuzima bw’igihugu, ariko ubutwari bwabo bukaba butaragera ku rwego rw’Imena cyangwa Imanzi. Urutonde rw’aba ruracyashakishwa kandi rugenda rwiyongera bitewe n’ibikorwa bishya bigenda bigaragara mu gihugu.

Uburyo Umunsi w'Intwari Wizihizwa mu Rwanda

Kwizihiza Umunsi w'Intwari mu Rwanda biba mu mutuzo n'icyubahiro cyinshi. Ntabwo ari umunsi w’ibirori by’urungano gusa, ahubwo ni umunsi w’ibikorwa bifite intego:

Imihango ku rwego rw'Igihugu

Ibirori nyamukuru bibera ku Gishishu, i Remera mu Mujyi wa Kigali, ahari Hero's Square (Urwibutso rw'Intwari). Muri uyu muhango: Gushyira indabo ku mva: Perezida wa Repubulika, aherekejwe n’abandi bayobozi bakuru n’abahagarariye imiryango y’intwari, bashyira indabo ku mva z’intwari zishyinguye muri uwo musozi. Umukino w'icyubahiro: Ingabo z'u Rwanda n'Abapolisi bakora akarasisi k'icyubahiro n'indirimbo zubahiriza intwari. Gucuranga 'The Last Post': Iri ni ijwi ry’impanda rirangurura mu mutuzo rishushanya icyubahiro ku batanze ubuzima bwabo.

Ibiganiro mu midugudu

Kimwe mu bintu byiza biranga uyu munsi ni uko wizihizwa mu midugudu yose y’u Rwanda. Abaturage barahura bakaganira ku mateka y’ubutwari. Intego y'umwaka: Buri mwaka haba hari insanganyamatsiko yihariye igenderwaho mu biganiro. Ubuhamya: Abantu bakuze bagaruka ku mateka y’igihugu, bakabwira urubyiruko ibyo intwari zakoze kugira ngo u Rwanda rube ruriho uyu munsi. Umuco: Haba harimo imivugo, indirimbo zisingiza intwari, n’imbyino gakondo zerekana ishema ryo kuba Umunyarwanda.

Ikoranabuhanga n'Itangazamakuru

Televiziyo y'u Rwanda n'amaradiyo atandukanye bategura ibiganiro byihariye. Hanyuzwaho filime mbarankuru zerekana ubuzima bw’intwari nka Fred Rwigyema, Agathe Uwilingiyimana, n’abanyeshuri b’i Nyange. Ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, abanyarwanda bakoresha hashtag zinyuranye (nka #HeroesDayRW) basangira amafoto n'amagambo y'icyubahiro.

Imikino n'Umuco

Mu minsi ibanziriza uyu munsi, haba hari amarushanwa y’imikino (nk’umupira w’amaguru witiriwe intwari - "Heroes Cup") ndetse n’ibitaramo by’indirimbo z’ubunyarwanda. Ibi bifasha mu gukurura urubyiruko ngo narwo rwumve ko ubutwari bushobora kugaragarira no mu bintu bishimishije.

Imigenzo n'Indangagaciro ziranga uyu munsi

Umunsi w'Intwari wubakiye ku ndangagaciro eshatu z’ingenzi:

1. Gukunda Igihugu (Patriotism): Uyu munsi utwibutsa ko igihugu kiza imbere y’inyungu z’umuntu ku giti cye. Intwari z’u Rwanda zerekanye ko guhara ubuzima bwawe kubera abandi ari ryo shingiro ry’ubuzima bufite intego.
2. Ubumwe (Unity): Inkuru y’abanyeshuri b’i Nyange ni yo nkingi ikomeye y’uyu munsi. Inyigisho zose ziba zishingiye ku kwerekana ko amacakubiri y’amoko cyangwa uturere ari yo mwanzi w’ubutwari.
3. Ukwihangana (Resilience): Kwibuka intwari bituma Abanyarwanda bumva ko nubwo bahura n’ibibazo bikomeye, bafite imbaraga zo kubitsinda nk’uko intwari zabigenje.

Mu buryo bw’umuco, abantu bakunda kwambara imyenda ya Kinyarwanda nka "Mushanana" mu birori by’uyu munsi nka kimenyetso cy’ishema ry’umuco wabo. Nanone, ni igihe cyo gusura abasigaye mu miriyango y’intwari kugira ngo berekwe ko igihugu kitibagiwe ubutwari bw’ababo.

Inama ku Basura u Rwanda n'Abanyamahanga (Expats)

Niba uri umunyamahanga uri mu Rwanda mu gihe cy’Umunsi w'Intwari, dore ibyo ukwiye kumenya:

Imyifatire: Uyu ni umunsi w’icyubahiro n’ituze. Nubwo hari ibirori, si umunsi w’urusaku rwinshi cyangwa kwiyandika nabi. Niba witabiriye umuhango runaka, kora ibyo abandi bakora: hagarara igihe bahagaze, kandi ube utuje. Imyambarire: Niba ugiye mu birori by’ubuyobozi cyangwa mu midugudu, bambara mu buryo bwiyubashye (modest clothing). Kwambara amapantalo y’ishinya (jeans) n’imipira isanzwe biremewe, ariko kwambara imyenda igaragaza umubiri cyane bishobora gufatwa nko kutubaha umunsi. Gusura Inzibutso: Uyu munsi uba ari mwiza wo gusura inzibutso za Jenoside cyangwa Inzu y’Amateka yo kubohora Igihugu (Campaign Against Genocide Museum). Bituma usobanukirwa byimbitse impamvu uyu munsi ari uw’agaciro kenshi. Ubuhagararire: Niba uri umukerarugendo, ushobora kureba imihango ibera mu mujyi wa Kigali. Abanyarwanda ni abantu bakira neza, kandi bazishimira kugusobanurira amateka yabo niba ubagishije inama mu kinyabupfura. Guhindura Gahunda: Zirikana ko amabanki, ibiro bya leta, n’ibigo byinshi by’abikorera biba bifunze. Tegura ibyo ukeneye (amafaranga, ibiribwa, cyangwa impapuro z’ingendo) mbere y’uko uyu munsi ugera.

Ese uyu munsi ni ikiruhuko rusange (Public Holiday)?

Yego, Umunsi w'Intwari ni ikiruhuko rusange mu Rwanda hose.

Icyo bivuze ku bakozi: Abakozi ba Leta n’abikorera bararuhuka. Amategeko agenga umurimo mu Rwanda ateganya ko uyu munsi wishyurwa. Ibigo bifunga: Ibiro byose bya Leta, Amashuri (guhera ku nshuke kugeza kuri kaminuza), Amabanki, n’inganda nyinshi biba bifunze. Ibigo bikomeza gukora: Serivisi z’