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Intangiriro y’Ukwezi kwa Ramadhani mu Burundi: Amateka, Imigenzo n’Igihe kuzoberako muri 2026

Ukwezi kweranda kwa Ramadhani ni ikiringo gihambaye cane mu buzima bw’Abayislamu bo mu gihugu c’Uburundi n’isi yose muri rusangi. Ni ikiringo c’isengesho, ukwisonzesha (Gufunga), ukwigora, n’ukurondera kwegera Imana (Allah). Mu Burundi, naho Abayislamu ari bacye ugereranije n’abandi banyagihugu (hagati ya 3% na 5%), uyu muvugo w’idini urubahwa cane kandi ugatuma haba amahinduka mu mibano n’imigenzo mu bice bitandukanye vy’igihugu, na cane cane mu gisagara ca Bujumbura n’ahandi hari imiryango y’Abayislamu benshi nka Gitega, Rumonge, na Muyinga.

Ramadhani ntiyerekeye gusa ukuzitira ivyo kurya n’ibinyobwa kuva mu gitondo kare gushika izuba rirenze; ni umwanya w’isuku ryo mu mutima. Ni igihe c’ukuzirikana ku buzima, gufasha aboro, no gukomeza imiryango. Mu Burundi, iki kiringo kirangwa n’ituze, ugusangira iftar (ifungurwa ryo ku mugoroba) hagati y’abagenzi n’imiryango, n’amasengesho y’ijoro azwi nka Taraweeh. Ukwezi kwa Ramadhani ni inkingi ya kane mu nkingi zitanu z’idini rya Islamu, akaba ari kwo kwezi kwahishuwemwo igitabo ceranda ca Korani ku muhanuzi Muhammad (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha).

Uko uyu mwaka wa 2026 uwegereza, Abayislamu mu Burundi n’abashitsi bahari batangura kwitegurira uyu mwaka w’umugisha. Ni igihe c’ukwibuka ko ukwisonzesha atari ukwicisha inzara umubiri gusa, ahubwo ari ukugaburira ubugingo binyuze mu gusoma Korani, gukora ibikorwa vy’urukundo, no kwirinda imvugo n’ingiro mbi.

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Ukwezi kwa Ramadhani kuzotangura ryari muri 2026?

Mu Burundi, nk’uko biri mu bindi bihugu, itariki ntarengwa y’itangura rya Ramadhani rikurikiza kalendari y’ukwezi (Lunar calendar). Ivyo bivuze ko itariki ishobora guhinduka ku musi umwe bitewe n’uko ukwezi kuboneka mu kirere.

Muri uyu mwaka, bitegekanijwe ko itangura rya Ramadhani muri 2026 rizoba ku buryo bukurikira:

• Umusi: Wednesday
• Itariki: February 18, 2026
• Imisi isigaye: Hasigaye imisi 46 ngo ukwezi kweranda gutangure.

Ni ivy’izigiro ko Ukwezi kwa Ramadhani kuzotangura ku mugoroba wo ku wa kabiri, itariki 17 Ruhuhuma (February) canke ku wa gatatu, itariki 18 Ruhuhuma 2026. Mu Burundi, amakalendari menshi yerekana ko itariki February 18, 2026 ari yo itariki nyamukuru yo gutangura kwisonzesha. Iki kiringo kizamara imisi 29 canke 30, gushika mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Ntwarante (March), aho hazoba umusi mukuru wa Eid al-Fitr.

Ni ibintu bisanzwe ko Abayislamu mu Burundi barindira itangazo rivuye ku nzego z’idini (COMIBU - Communauté Islamique du Burundi) ryemeza ko ukwezi kwabonetse kugira ngo batangure igisibo mu buryo bw’intamenwa.

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Amateka n’Inkomoko ya Ramadhani

Ramadhani ni ukwezi kwa kenda muri kalendari ya Kislamu. Inkomoko yayo iri mu mpanuro z’idini aho bivugwa ko ari mwo Imana yahishuye imirongo ya mbere ya Korani ku muhanuzi Muhammad binyuze ku mwimerezi Gaburiyeli (Jibril). Ibi vyabereye mw’ijoro ridasanzwe ryitwa Laylat al-Qadr (Ijoro ry’Ubushobozi).

Kuva ico gihe, kwisonzesha muri uyu kwezi kwabaye itegeko kuri buri Muyislamu akuze, afise ubwenge kandi afise amagara meza. Mu Burundi, idini rya Islamu ryashitse binyuze mu badandaji b’Abarabu n’Abaswahili baturuka ku nkombe z’ikiyaga ca Tanganyika no mu gihugu ca Tanzaniya mu kigwi ca 19. Kuva ico gihe, imigenzo ya Ramadhani yagiye irashinga imizi mu banyagihugu, na cane cane mu bice vy’ubudandaji.

Ramadhani ntiyerekeye amateka gusa, ahubwo ni ukwibuka ubutumwa bw’amahoro, ukuri, n’ubutungane. Mu Burundi, ubu butumwa bufise ikibanza kinini mu gushigikira ubumwe n’ubwiyunge mu banyagihugu bose, baba Abayislamu canke Abakristo.

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Imigenzo n’Imigirwa mu Burundi

Naho Abayislamu mu Burundi ari bake, imigenzo ya Ramadhani iragaragara cane, na cane cane mu gisagara ca Bujumbura mu bice nka Buyenzi, Bwiza, na Mujua.

1. Suhoor (Iryo gufungura imbere y’uko buca)

Imbere y’uko umuseke utambika, imiryango iravyuka kugira irye ifungurwa ryitwa Suhoor. Iri fungurwa ni ryo ribaha inguvu zo kwihanganira umusi wose batarya kandi batanywa. Mu Burundi, kenshi abantu barya umuceri, ibiharage, ibijumbu, canke ibiraya, hamwe n’icyayi gishushe kirimwo amata n’icayi c’icayi (thé au gingembre).

2. Isengesho n’ukuzirikana

Muri uyu kwezi, imisigiti iruzura. Abantu barongereza amasengesho yabo, kandi benshi bagerageza gusoma Korani yose gushika ukwezi guheze. Mu masaha y’izuba, usanga mu misigiti imwe n’imwe hari inyigisho (Darsa) zerekeye imyifato n’inyifato ijanye n’idini.

3. Iftar (Ugusiba)

Izuba rigire rirenge, umuryango wose uritegura. Akenshi, Abayislamu b’Abarundi basiba bakoresheje itende (dates) nk’uko vyari umugenzo w’Umuhanuzi. Inyuma y’aho, banywa amazi canke umutobe, bagasenga isengesho rya Maghrib, hanyuma bagasangira ifungurwa rinini. Mu Burundi, iftar irashobora kuba igizwe n’ubugari, isambaza, inyama, n’imboga zitandukanye.

4. Zakat al-Fitr (Gufasha aboro)

Muri uyu kwezi, umutima w’ubugwaneza uraguka. Abayislamu barasabwa gutanga intererano ku boro n’abapfakazi kugira nabo bazoshobore kwizihiza umusi mukuru wa Eid al-Fitr bageze. Ibi bituma mu Burundi haba isangira ry’ivyamwa n’ibiribwa hagati y’abafise n’abatagira.

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Inama ku Bashitsi n’Abanyamahanga mu Burundi

Nimba uri mu Burundi mu gihe ca Ramadhani, hariho ibintu bike wocunga kugira ngo wubake imigenzo y’abandi:

1. Kwubaha abisonzesha: Mu gihe uri mu bice birimwo Abayislamu benshi (nka Buyenzi), ni vyiza kwirinda kurira, kunywera, canke kunywera itabi ku mugaragaro mu masaha y’umurango. Naho atari itegeko ry’leta, ni ikimenyetso c’icubahiro.
2. Imyambarire: Ni vyiza kwambara mu buryo bwiyubashye mu gihe ugiye gusura incuti z’Abayislamu canke ugiye hafi y’imisigiti.
3. Ibisubizo vy’ubudandaji: Amaduka n’amasoko mu Burundi aguma akora nk’ibisanzwe. Ariko rero, amaduka amwe n’amwe y’Abayislamu ashobora kwugara kare gato kugira ngo bajye gusiba (Iftar) n’imiryango yabo.
4. Kwitabira Iftar: Nimba utumiwe ku rya ku mugoroba (Iftar) n’incuti y’Umuyislamu, ni iteka rikomeye. Ni umwanya mwiza wo kwiga imigenzo y’Abarundi n’idini rya Islamu.

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Ramadhani n’Umutekano mu Burundi

Mu gihugu c’Uburundi, amahoro n’umutekano birasangiwe n’abantu bose mu gihe ca Ramadhani. Leta y’Uburundi irubahiriza uburenganzira bw’idini rya Islamu. Naho umusi wo gutangura Ramadhani atari umusi w’akaruhuko (Public Holiday), umusi wa Eid al-Fitr (uwasoza Ramadhani) urubahwa cane kandi ni umusi w’akaruhuko mu gihugu cose.

Muri 2026, Eid al-Fitr yitezwe kuzoba ku itariki 20 Ntwarante (March). Kuri uyu musi, ibiro vya leta, amabanki, n’ibigo vyigenga birugara kugira ngo abanyagihugu bose bifatanye n’Abayislamu mu birori.

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Ibisabwa ku Gufunga (Sawm) muri Ramadhani

Kugira ngo igisibo cemerwe, hariho ibintu bitari bike Umuyislamu w’Umurundi ategerezwa kwitwararika:

• Niyyah (Intumbero): Umuntu ategerezwa kugira intumbero mu mutima yo gufunga ku bwa Allah.
• Kwifata: Kwirinda kurya, kunywa, gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina, no kunywa itabi kuva umuseke utambitse gushika izuba rirenze.
• Kwirinda ivyaha: Kwirinda kubesha, gutongana, canke kuvuga nabi abandi. Ibi nibyo bituma igisibo kigira agaciro k’impwemu.

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Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (FAQ)

1. Ramadhani itangura ryari mu Burundi muri 2026? Bitegekanijwe ko itangura ku itariki February 18, 2026. Ariko, itariki y’ukuri yandikwa inyuma yo kubona ukwezi.

2. Mbega amashure n’ibiro birugara mu gihe ca Ramadhani? Oya, mu Burundi ibikorwa birabandanya nk’ibisanzwe mu gihe cose c’ukwezi kwa Ramadhani. Umusi w’akaruhuko ni Eid al-Fitr gusa (muri uyu mwaka ni itariki 20 Ntwarante).

3. Abatariko bafunga (Abakristo canke abashitsi) bategerezwa gukora iki? Bategerezwa gushigikira incuti zabo zisonzesha mu kutabereka ivyo kurya mu masaha y’umurango n’ukubifuriza "Ramadan Kareem" canke "Ramadan Mubarak".

4. Ni ibiki biribwa cane muri Iftar mu Burundi? Ibiribwa bikunze gukoreshwa ni itende, umuceri, isambaza z’i Bujumbura, ubugari, n’imigati itandukanye nka sambusa na bajia.

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Umusozo

Ukwezi kwa Ramadhani muri 2026 kuzoba ari umwanya udasanzwe ku banyagihugu b’Uburundi. Ni igihe c’ukugarukira Imana, gukomeza ubumwe, no gufashanya. Naho hasigaye imisi 46 ngo uyu munsi mukuru uze, kwitegura mu mutima no mu mibano ni co kintu gihambaye.

Twifurije Abayislamu bose mu Burundi n’isi yose Ukwezi Kweranda kuzira amahane, kuzira inzara y’umutima, ahubwo kuzuye imigisha n’amahoro. Ramadan Mubarak!